Category Artikel Peternakan

Sebuah Artikel Tentang Peternakan
Feb 12 2016

Hidup adalah pilihan

Alhamdulilah bisa nulis lagi setelah sekian lama sibuk fokus belajar bahasa inggris pada program pengayaan beasiswa LPDP DI JOGJA. Lewat tulisan ini saya sekalian mau klarifikasi Dan menjelaskan. Apa sih yg sekrang yang aku lakukan? APA sih yang menyibukan ku sekarang di new Zealand?
Study?
Kerja?
Atau apa?
Banyak orang yang yg bringing Ana tiba2 kok meluncur ke New Zealand. Berlanjut pada cerita blogku sebelumnya Ana sebelum lulus sudah mendapatkan kerja di GGLC sebuah industrial sapi potong asal Australia yg cukup besar di lampung. Pada perjalanan di tengah jalan Ana tidak srek karena terdapat masalah.  Ana mendapatkan tawaran bekerja ke new Zealand dri dosen pembimbing skripsi sekaligus bapak dekan. Prof kus mempunyai teman kuliah di new Zealand yang sangat dekat Dan beliau merekomendasikanku untuk bekerja disana. Ana menghubungi owner farm disana Dan Ana disuruh mencari info bagaimana pembuatan visa kerja. Ana pun mencari info Dan melengkapi berkas kurang lebih 7 bulan Ana mengurusnya, karena lama Dan kurang pede Ana pun membuat plan B yaitu mendaftar beasiswa LPDP Dan alhamdulilah lolos. Aku masih mengurus visa kerja ke new Zealand Dan untuk menunggu hal tersebut Ana mengikuti pelatihan bahasa dari LPDP untuk persiapan masuk kuliah.
Ana pun tidak menyangka visa kerja Alahamdulilah do approved Dan 2 minggu dri itu Ana langsung berangkat ke new Zealand. Dan alhamdulilah sekrang Ana menjadi assiten heard manajer di dairy farm new Zealand.
Feb 8 2016

KIA Ora in New Zealand

New Zealand I can’t imagine I can go to this southern country that located in  another side in our earth. Menjemput rezeki dengam sebuah tekad membelah benua dan samudra bertekad merantau demi membahagiakan keluarga. Aku berangkat tanggal 25 November 2015 dengan keteguhan hati melangkah ke bandara soekarno hatta ditemani sahabat yng Sudah mejadi keluarga sendiri Adwin yang sebelumnya aku Sudan menumpang di kosannya selama 3 hari untuk mempersiapkan berkas dan bahan untuk Keberangkatan. Turun dari bus damri kami duduk2 untuk melepas pengat dengan diselingi obrolan ringan tentang masa depan kami kelak. Bersiskusi Dan bertukar pikiran adalah kebiasaan kami sejak do bangku kuliah dengan Cara ini kami bertabayun untuk diri kami sendiri. Kami merencanakan mimpi besar yaitu kami ingin membuat usaha di new Zealand berhijrah Dan berwirausaha disana mengikuti jejak rosul berhijrah Dan berdagang. Waktu menjadi terasa pendek take terasa Sudah menunjukkan kami harus berpisah Karena panggilan boarding pas Sudan berkoar koar. Aku pun melaju masuk ke dalam bandara Serta melalui berbagai security check. Sambil menunggu masuk dalam gate until masuk pesawat aku duduk di waiting room taka lama kemudia sosok laki2 menyapa until duduk di sampingku. “Permisi mas jam berapa Sekarang?” Pria tersebut mengawali percakapan, “jam 4 sore pak, mau berangakat me mana pak?” Aku menjawab pertanyaannya. “Ah masih lama boarding, mau ke Malaysia dek” Kami pun mulai berbincang bincang Dan kutahui namanya edi yang kebetulan berasal Dari daerah yang sama tepatnya di Kediri. Beliau sudah 2 tahun ini bekerja di Malaysia sebagai mandor bangunan sehingga harus bolak balik Indonesia Malaysia berkali-kali.
Aku take of jam 19.06 wib didalam pesawat aku bertemu dengan bu emy seorang yang beruntung beliau bekerja do Australia Sydney sebagai baby sister seorang bule. Bule tersebut dari Bali dia ibu emy sudah bekerja selama 8 tahun 6 tahun di Indonesia Dan 2 tahun di Australia. Bule tersebut asli dri belanda Dan hijrah di Australia. Do Australia menjadi consultant dimana mana keliling dunia adalah pekerjaan mereka Dan mereka sangat kaya sekali. Sebenarnya mereka mau hidup di Indonesia namun karena tidak mempunyai izin tinggal sehingga mereka memutuskan tinggal di Indonesia ketika mereka sudah pensiun. Mereka mempunyai anak asuh 2 orang dri Indonesia Dan 2 anak dri bayi tabung kemvar 2 orang. Dan bu emy yg di percaya sebagai beby sister karena sengan dengan orang Indonesia. But emy di berikan fasilitas pulang 2 bulan sekali karena mempunyai anak yg masih kecil suatu pengorbanan yg luar biasa seorang ibu mengarungi lautan Dan menyebrangi benua untuk mencari nafkah. Ibu emy di tinggalkan suaminya ketika anak pertamanya do smp karena kecelakaan sehingga membuat bu emy menjadi tulang punggung keluarga. Saat ini ibu emy menikah lagi dengan suammi yg baru Dan do karunia 1 ank yg Semarang berumur 6 tahun.
Take terasa burung besi yang membawaku telah leading di Sydney Dan aku oun siap berganti pesawat lainnya menuju Christchurch new Zealand.
Nov 22 2015

Dibawah Gemerlap Bintang pantai ngelambor Yogyakarta

Ditengah bantingan kartu remi Suatu ide yang tiba – tiba muncul di tengah renungan malam anak-anak kontrakan darsa tepatnya Pada tanggal 22 oktober 2015. Kami berniat menghabiskan weekend berasama-sama untuk ngecamp di pantai ngelambor daerah gunung kidul Jogjakarta. Rencana untuk jalan-jalan bersama sudah direncanakan dari dulu namun belum terealisasikan sehingga kami bertekad weekend minggu depan harus terlaksanana. Tepat hari sabtu itu aku ada acara di tempat kursus yaitu skoring seperti biasanya sehingga keberngakatan kami di mulai pada sore hari.
Seusai tes TOEFL bersama sepeda everbestku menelusuri Jalan pulang untuk bersiap berangkat. Sesampainya do kontrakan tercinta kami di bagi tugas Aku PJ makanan mengurusi segalanya tentang konsumsi, Budi mengatur keuangan, Agung Dan atabika mengurusi perlengkapan campingnya. Perjalanan kami di mulai pukul 2 Dan Kami sampai di pantai ngelambor kurang lebih 3 jam perjalanan dari kota jogjakarta menggunakan motor. Untuk bensin kami menghabiakan kira 2.5 liter untuk hanya keberngkatan. Pantai ngelambor termasuk hidden paradise belum banyak yang tau akan keindahannya. Untuk masuk tiletnya hanya 10 ribu untuk 2 orang di tambah parkir 5 ribu. Setelah kami parkir kami mencaro tempat untuk mendirikan tenda. Tantangn mendirikan tenda disini adalah angin yang begitu kencang sehingga jika ingin mendirikan tenda dengan latar belakang pemandangan yang bgus saya sarankan memilih tenda yang kuat. Hampir 1 jam kami mendirikan tenda karena medan tempat camp dan parkir yang befitu sulit ditempuh namun pengorbanan itu tidak sia sia dengan pemndangan yang kami dapat. Pada pagi hari pemandangan semakin indah perlu dicatat mencari air tawar disini susah sehingga harus benar benar kita harus tahan gak mandi. Jika ingin berenang di pantai aku saranin sekitar jam 8 karena tepat dengan waktu pasang. Jika waktu pasang paling asik buat snorkling
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Baca lebih lanjut →
Nov 22 2015

The gank of Gaduh PIMNAS 26

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Minggu 22 November 2015 pada sore hari dibawah rintikan hujan Jakarta Aku dan Sahabat karibku Adwin pergi ke mall kalibata. Kami sudah memiliki janji  dengan sahabat lama kami Mirza Partner in Crime kami saat di PIMNAS 26. Bercermin pada masa lalu saat kami di kuliah,aku selalu bertemu dan menjalin hubungan erat dengan seseorang pasti dimulai dengan moment konyol seperti halnya Pimnas 26 dulu. PIMNAS adalah ajang bergengsi bagi mahasiswa tempat bertemunya orang2 berprestasi tapi pertemuan kami berbeda. Kami bertemu dengan disatukan sebagai 1 kontingan kesatria2 Brawijaya. Kami selalu duduk di belakang membuat kericuhan, take pernah serius, suka godain cewek2 kontingen brawijaya yang dari FK (terkenal cantik2), meskipun kami adalah Tim gaduh tapi kami tetap berjuang demi almamater tercinta kami alhamdulilah yang semuanya mendapat medali.
Setahun yang lalu tepat setelah kami lulus, Kami juga berkumpul bersama biasalah berbicara hal-hal kegalaun kits pads waktu itu karena masih bingung arah hidup kami mau kemana. Ditemani dinginnya Malang Dan secakir kopi yang cepat sekali dingin menambah keakrapan kami. Latar belakang kami yang berbeda jurusan, keluarga, atau daerah tidal menjadi penghalang until kami bersahabat. Sekarang di last time sebelum Keberangkatan ke New Zealand aku sangat bangga duduk ditengah-tengah kalian mendengar cerita kesuksesan kalian dan impian2 mulia kalian. Semua pembicaraan kita ini semakin memicuku until selalu maju kedepan. Terima kasih kawan kalian luar biasa memang tak salah pilih DIKTI memilih kalian me PIMNAS Karena Sudan terbukti Semarang bahwa kualitas kalian sangat luar biasa. Kelak saat kita bertemu lagi tak lagi 3 orang tapi 6 orang dengan pasangan kita masing2 heheheh. See you on top Guys..
Nov 5 2015

Cooperation Indonesian and Australian Cattle Industries Based on Bilateral Relationship between Both Countries

Introduction
Indonesia and Australia are unique neighboring countries that have different in language, culture, religion, history, population size and in political, legal and social systems, moreover contradict. According to Patrick Walters in 1997 that is “Australia and Indonesia are most unlikely partners. No two close neighbours is so dramatically dissimilar”. Although slightly different, as neighboring countries, as the same as a democratic state, and to have mutual economic interest(Diplomasi Magazine, 2015) Indonesia and Australia worth trying to establish and keep forward a constructive relationship, open, mutually helpfulness, respect and mutual understanding of each other concern.
Indonesia has been importance trading partners for Australia. The relationship between Indonesia and Australia has a long history. In some historical literature explained that the fishermen from Bugis and Makassar regularly sailed into Australian waters north at least since 1650(Istiqamah, 2014). The position of Indonesia, viewed geographically, is the nearest Australia’s neighboring country. In addition, Indonesia, as one of the densest countries of the world, have a culture which like various food from beef especially when Eid al-Adha qurban which is demand for beef from Indonesia is the largest when compared with requests from other countries in the the whole world(Rama, 2011).Indonesia’s economic industries which flourish rapidly and have a large workforce combine with Australia’s high- technology and large natural resources have provided many business opportunities(Pulungan,2014).
The relationship between two countries is often described as a roller coaster that is slowly but fell very sharply become part of the history of relations both countries (Mackie,2005) . The history records among quite a lot of positive interactions remain certain moments also when relations between the two countries face particular challenges (e.g East Timor crisis in 1999, Oceanic Viking case in 2009)(Lisbet,2015). Recently, we have a lot of challenges because Indonesian and Australian government and politicians very often associate with the domestic political interests of bilateral relations.
The one form of economic cooperation between both countries such as export and import of live cattle. Indonesia has become the greatest share market, followed by the Philippines, Brunei and Malaysia (Foulkes,2012). Cooperation in live cattle export is important because the supply of beef nationally in Indonesia compared to the amount of domestic beef demand is still very far from expectations. So one of the best roads is taken by the Indonesian government that purchase beef from abroad which is the cattle from Australia.
Lately, several cases could interfere with the relationship between both countries. For example, related to live cattle case 2011 that Australian government unilaterally stop the export of cattle as a result of domestic lobby anti cruelty to animals, the issue of telephone tapping Indonesian officials, the issue of illegal immigrants to Australia and death penalty of Bali nine 2015. Because of that, According to MLA in 2014 Australia’s total trade with Indonesia in January-March 2013 decreased of 7.53% when compared to the same period in 2012. Australia had a deficit in its foreign trade balance with Indonesia, amounting to US $ 788.90 million, as well as Indonesia after cut imports quota the third quarter 2015 has a crisis in domestic supply of beef. Based on that, the effect of the bilateral relations between the two countries are very influential on the development of cattle industry of both countries and the writer intend to review how both countries get diplomatic ways to improve cooperation and predict the future Indonesia and Australian cattle industries.
The aim of this paper is to contribute Indonesian-Australian politic leader as well as ministry/ bureaucrat in both countries that can be used a reference in determining the policy of cattle trade cooperation development program in the future. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the dynamics cattle trade cooperation in the future among Indonesia and Australia, then the potential will increase as well as the ways that is potential achieve food security in both countries in the framework of the conception of strategic partners that have been endorsed by both the leader of nation. The limitation is limited to writing on issue related to improvement of the cattle industries cooperation based on bilateral relationship in the framework strengthening the food security of both countries. In this study, the method used descriptive method that presented data and information related to the material issues, as well as the analysis is based on library research, and Internet. This paper first presents analyzing the impact of bilateral relationship towards the development of cattle trade and follow by suggestion the future and strengthening relationship of two countries.
The Impact of Bilateral Relationship Towards The Development of Cattle Trade between Indonesia and Australia
The relationship between Indonesia and Australia has a long history. In some historical literature explained that the fishermen from Bugis and Makassar regularly sailed into Australian waters north at least since 1650. This cruise begins at the time of the Kingdom of Gowa Makassar 1950s(Istiqamah, 2014). The sailors who came to Australia aim to find the fish that will be returned to Indonesia and then resold or exported to other countries. Aboriginal people also learn and follow some of the habits of Indonesian traditional fishermen. For example, Aboriginal people imitated how to smoking and drawing boats from Indonesia Fisherman.
Cooperation begins with the first European settlement residents in Australian who rely on food supplies. The first ship to arrive in Sydney from Indonesian is Waaksamheyd ship in 1790. Ship was carrying food supplies from Batavia ( Jakarta name at the time ). Food supplies that include: 171 tons of beef, 172 tons of pork, 39 tons of flour, 4,500 pounds of sugar, 31,000 kg of rice. Trade and commerce between Australian and Indonesian are growing. More than 400 Australian companies are doing trade in Indonesian, ranging from mining to telecommunications. These companies work as a trading partner with the company and the Indonesian government (Pulungan 2014).
The Relations of neighboring countries between Indonesia and Australia have fluctuated sharply from time to time. It is triggered by a variety of issues, such as East Timor in 1999, the Bali bombings on 12 October 2002 and wiretapping was conducted by Australia against several senior Indonesian officials that make Indonesia-Australia bilateral relations disrupted. On the other hand, various forms of economic cooperation, security, tourism and so strengthen bilateral relations between the two countries.
The importance of Indonesia for Australia was strengthened by the statement of Prime Australian Minister Tony Abbott at the signing ceremony placard Australia- Indonesian Centre in Australia Parliament House, Canberra on Wednesday the 13th November 2013 which said that “Cooperation with Indonesia is that is very important to us. Indonesia is important for Australia in terms of number population, area, closeness and all its potential. Looking ahead, Indonesia predicted to become the super power of Asia “. According to these statements can be said that Indonesia occupies a strategic position in the foreign policy of Australia. Furthemore, according to Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono who was Indonesia’s president “Australia and Indonesia have a great future together. We are not just neighbors, we are not just friends. We are strategic partners. We are equal stake-holders in a common future, with much to gain if we get this relationship right, and much to lose if we get it wrong.”
One form of economic cooperation between Indonesia and Australia is live cattle exports. Cooperation in live cattle export is signify because the supply of beef nationally in Indonesia compared to the amount of domestic beef demand is still very far from expectations. Hence, one of the best ways taken by the Indonesian government is to buy beef from overseas which is cattle. The Australian beef industry is divided into two markedly different regions northern and southern Australia. (Thompson, 2012). The Northern Territory is the largest supplier of cattle life and buffalo to South-East Asia. Most of the cattle are Brahmans and are well adapted to local conditions. It is about 40% of the turn-off of Territory cattle is destined for the live export market and 37% of Australian live cattle exports are shipped through the Port of Darwin. Indonesia has become the greatest share market, followed by the Philippines, Brunei and Malaysia (Foulkes,2012). In other hand, The backbone of national cattle industries which is calf imported from Australia is traditional farming scattered throughout the region in Indonesia.
Based on MLA report (2009) has occurred the development of cattle and beef exports to Indonesia during the last four years with significant growth. In the year 2007-08 exports of live cattle to Indonesia around 547,000 heads, previously in the year 2006- 07 only 452,000 heads. While beef exports during 2007-08 amounted to 46,100 tons carcass, rose nearly doubled from 28,000 tons in 2006-07. Indonesia is expected to remain dominant in the live cattle export market and will develop further in the short term to medium term, primarily associated with the feedlot enterprise investment growth in Indonesia.
The Cattle trade relationship between Indonesia and Australia which are benefit both countries have big challenge that is influenced by bilateral relations. In the last five years the relationship between the two countries have many problems such as animal welfare issue 2011, the issue of telephone tapping Indonesian officials, the issue of illegal immigrants to Australia and death penalty of Bali nine 2015 affecting cattle trade between both countries. According to MLA’s data in 2013 Australia’s total trade with Indonesia in January-March 2013 reached US $ 1,963.12 million, a decrease of 7.53% when compared to the same period in 2012, amounting to US $ 2,123.00 million. The total trade, consisting of Australian exports to Indonesia amounted to US $ 587.11 million, down 22.91% compared with the same period in 2012, which stood at US $ 761.59 million, and Australian imports from Indonesia amounted to US $ 1,376 , 01 million, up 1.07% compared to the same period in 2012, which stood at US $ 1361.41 million. Thus, in the period from January to March 2013, Australia had a deficit in its foreign trade balance with Indonesia, amounting to US $ 788.90 million.
Indonesia made Australia as a source of imports of cattle and beef which is quite large. Imports of cattle from Australia supported by UU no 41 year 2014. The law only allows imports of beef and derived products from Country Free from FMD without Vaccination & with Vaccination that have been established by the OIE / WAHO (World Animal Health Organization)(Inounu et al.2010). The amount of imports was influenced by an increase in prosperity and population growth. In addition, it is also influenced by the increasing population awareness of the importance of animal protein needs.
Indonesia is the biggest importer country of live cattle Australia. According to MLA data that In 2008 as many as 651 196 head or tail 869 545 75 percent of Australia’s live cattle exports are sold to the world market in the export to Indonesia. Indonesia’s import in 2008 was up 26 per cent of its imports in 2007, which reached 516 992 tails. Indonesia’s total import value reached 419 million Australian dollars.
The Issues of bilateral relations the two countries became the biggest problems in the cattle industry in both countries. This relationship can be analogized like two neighboring families whose children often played together, but parents are often at odds. If this problem cannot be solved, it will make the beef industry investors of both countries reluctant to invest because of the uncertainty. The policies of both countries are needed in strengthening bilateral relations and further improve cooperation especially in the cattle industry.
The Future and Strengthening Relationship of Both Countries
As far as 10 or 20 years ahead (let alone 40, when Indonesia will have not long passed its first century of independence in 2045), is close to mere crystal gazing. The relationship is, however, going through a difficult period at present, especially due to the reactions in Australia and Indonesia to the execution of two Australian citizens for heroin smuggling. Globally, Indonesia is of growing importance to major powers such as the United States, China, Japan, Russia, and India. This is because Indonesia, with a diverse population of some 250 million, spread over some 7,000 inhabited islands, is now the fourth most populous nation in the world. It is the largest Muslim country by population. Some 81% of its people are Muslim.
The importance of relations Indonesia and Australia cannot be overstated despite the present level of irritation and dissatisfaction in each country about the other. It is essential that each country comes to know more about its neighbour. Indonesia is emerging as a major global economic powerhouse. Based on Parker in 2005 The opportunities and implications are significant. Indonesia at a glance: 5th largest economy by 2030, 250 million people today, and 141 million middle class consumers by 2020. Since 2004, annual GDP growth has been consistently over 5%, with only a slight drop during the global financial crisis in 2008 and 2009. Indonesia is set to become one of the world’s major economic powers over the next 30 years. Since 2004, annual GDP growth has been consistently over 5%, with only a slight drop during the global financial crisis in 2008 and 2009. Gross national income (GNI) per capita has more than doubled from US$4,010 in 2000 to US$9,270 in 2013. Therefore, Indonesia and Australia have big opportunity towards Further cattle trade.
Based on history and benefit of relationship above that both countries must keep the stability of the cooperation between the two countries by taking into account the following points :
  1. Development Input
The high importance that Indonesia attaches to building up its cattle industry and beef production as a key part of strengthening its long-term food security
  1. Education and Training
At present, education and training of scientist and technician from Indonesia has been a major item in aid expenditure. This is a sound investment from Australia’s point of view. People trained in Australia tend to look to Australia for technical assistance and the inputs required for development.
One of cooperation in this part is the Australia’s federal government NTCA, ISPI Launches Indonesia Australia Pastoral Program. The annual program which started in 2012, has seen groups of animal science students from Indonesia spend two months in the Northern Territory, learning and working in the cattle industry. The students complete an intensive pastoral industry training course, including animal handling and animal welfare, and then spend six weeks on a Territory cattle station.
According to CEO of the NTCA in Launching NIAPP website, Tracey Hayes, said that the NIAPP was a great medium for both the Australian and Indonesian cattle industries to share knowledge and develop further relations. “Indonesia is a great trading partner with Australia. The alumni program that we launch today will ensure strong bonds between our two countries that will continue for many years,” The program student exchange is the effort of ensuring strong bonds between two countries that will continue for many years.
  1. Joint Ventures
Cooperatives ventures between Indonesia and Australia enterprises in the Animal Production sector are fraught with difficulties because of problems of land ownership and local regulation
Conclusion
Based on the study of the dynamics cattle trade cooperation in the future among Indonesia and Australia can be concluded that The Issues of bilateral relations the two countries became the biggest problems in the cattle industry in both countries.

Suggestion
Suggestions can be given of the results of study that The policies of both countries are needed in strengthening bilateral relations and further improve cooperation especially in the cattle industry.

Okt 20 2015

Merajut Titik Temu Industri Peternakan Indonesia

Bidang peternakan merupakan salah satu bidang pertanian yang memiliki masalah yang kompleks dan memiliki banyak permasalahan didalamnya. . Baru-baru ini bangsa kita digegerkan dengan kelangkaan daging sapi. Persediaan daging sapi nasional tidak mencukupi kebutuhan daging sapi nasional sehingga menyebabkan kelangkaan daging di pasaran, harga daging melonjak tinggi hingga para penjual daging mogok berjualan.
Dalam kasus tersebut masing- masing stakeholder saling menyalahkan dari sisi pemerintah mencuragai terdapat oknum feedloter sebagai dalang kartel perdagangan di Indonesia yang menyebabkan kelangkaan daging sapi di Indonesia, sedangkan yang lainnya menyalahkan pemerintah karena kesalahan data survey ketersediaan daging nasional yang kurang akurat dengan kondisi di lapang sehingga menyebabkan ketidak seimbangan neraca perdagangan daging sapi.
Bidang pertanian memiliki banyak sudut pandang sehingga kita tidak bisa dengan mudahnya menjudge salah satu pihak. Saling menuduh dan mencuragai tidak akan pernah menyelesaikan permasalahan. Permasalahan tersebut menjadikan pelajaran untuk kita semua dalam membenahi sistem peternakan di Indonesia, karena permasalahan daging ini tidak hanya terjadi pertama kali namun terjadi berulang kali. Indonesia di gadang-gadang mampu berswasembada daging sapi. Wacana Indonesia berswasembada daging adalah niat baik pemerintah yang harus di dukung dan di support penuh namun namun keseriusan dari program ini belum namapak dengan terlihat dengan ketiga kalinya kita gagal meraihnya pada tahun 2002, 2010 dan 2014 sehingga kita harus selalu terus kawal dengan seksama.
Perlunya mencari titik tengah antara pemerintah sebagai pemangku kebijakan dan stakeholder peternakan (Peneliti, akademisi, pengusaha, professional dll) sebagai pelaku di lapang bidang peternakan dalam merumuskan solusi permasalahan ketersediaan daging ini. Menurut hasil kajian Indonesia Riset dan stratergis Analisi (IRSA,2009) yang di kutip Rochadi tawaf (Kompas, 2015) menyatakan bahwa daging sapi memiliki keterkaiatan terhadap 120 sektor ekonomi ke hulu maupun ke hilir, dan memiliki daya ungkit pengganda secara ekonomi tertinggi dibading 175 sektor lain. Kajian tersebut menyimpulakan bahwa perindustrian sapi potong memiliki posisi penting dan memiliki potensi tinggi dalam pertumbuhan perekonomian Indonesia.
 Membenahi Struktur dan Ifrastruktur Perbibitan sapi di Indonesia
Breeding atau pembibitan memiliki peran penting dalam kelangsungan Industri persapian, karena bibit mempengaruhi kualitas produk, keberlangsungan usaha dan efisiensi dalam pelaksanaan usaha peternakan. Dari sisi hulu ini, keseriusan pemerintah masih kurang terlihat, salah satunya adalah pada waktu yang lalu banyak kolega-kolega mahasiswa atau profesional peternakan dari seluruh Indonesia mengepost dengan bangga dengan hashtag #KITABISA berita tentang “Presiden Jokowi Geleng-geleng kepala melihat banyak sapi di padang mangantas”.
Pertama kali saya melihat saya tidak begitu kaget karena akhir-akhir ini memang padang mangatas menjadi primadona mahsiswa peternakan di seluruh Indonesia untuk berkunjung atau magang disana. Padang mangatas adalah salah satu lembaga pemerintah yang di tujukan sebagai center pembinitan karena menggunakan system ranch atau pengembalaan seperti di Australia. Pada berita tersebut terdapat informasi yang kurang pas menurut kacamata peternakan.
http://finance.detik.com/read/2015/10/10/161007/3041292/4/ini-penampakan-peternakan-sapi-yang-bikin-jokowi-geleng-geleng

http://finance.detik.com/read/2015/10/10/123602/3041171/4/ri-ternyata-punya-peternakan-sapi-skala-besar-seperti-di-australia
Pada berita di atas kita akan menemukan sebuah informasi yanag janggal. Kejanggalan pertama luas Padang mangantas sebesar 280 ha yang di peruntukan untuk 1250 ekor sapi. Sepengetahuan yang saya dapatkan dari magang di Australia rasio populasi dan lahan untuk system penggembalaan yang berada di Australia adalah 1 km 2 untuk 2-3 ekor sapi Untuk improve pastour 1 ekor adalah 1 ha, sedangkan natural Pasteur adalah 1 ekor 4 ha, sehingga perhitungan 1km2 = 100 ha dan diperkirakan 1 ekor untuk sekitar 30-50 ha2 dan di padang 1 ekor Cuma 4.6 ha2 sehingga dapat di tarik kesimpulan 280ha untuk 1250 ekor lebih banyak sapinya jika 1 ekor 4.6 ha 280 ha idealnya di gunakan +/- sekitar 61 ekor . Dengan tambahan informasi bahwa berdasarkan pengalaman di Australia untuk rotary grazing rumput di istirahatkan selama 3 tahun.
Kejanggalan saya yang kedua adalah informasi jumlah ternak yang asalanya adalah 70 ekor dan menjadi 1250 ekor dalam 4 tahun tanpa di berikan informasi penambahan dengan menggunakan system apa?, karena jika menggunaka kacamata peternakan dan penamabahan jumlah tersebut menggunakan kawin alami atau IB dengan 70 ekor sapi yang memiliki calving interval 1.2 yang merupakan calving interval terbaik saja dalam 4 tahun hanya sekitar 250 ekor penambahannya. Pada data kejanggalan tersebut menjadikan PR besar bagi pemerintah, untuk membenahi kembali agar kepercayaan masyrakat akan komitmen pemerintah dalam bersembada daging tidak diragukan.
Mendayagunakan SDM berkualitas peternakan dalam menunjang industry peternakan kedepan
Bulan oktober lalu, Menteri Pertanian dan sumber daya air Australia Barnaby Joyce datang ke Indonesia dalam rangka peluncuran website Alumni NTCA-Indonesia Australia Pastoral Program. Program tersebut adalah program kerja sama NTCA (Persatuan Peternak sapi NT Australia) dengan beberapa Fakultas Peternakan di Indonesia yang mengirimkan mahasiswa terbaiknya mengikuti pelatihan tentang peternakan di Australia. Para Alumni ini adalah asset besar bagi industry peternakan Indonesia karena mereka adalah orang-orang terpilih dari setiapuniversitas untuk mengikuti program ini.
Alumni NTCA Pastoral Student Program
Alumni NTCA Pastoral Student Program dan Menteri pertanian Australia
Alumni Program dan NTCA
Alumni Program dan NTCA
Http://ntca-studentsprogram.com
Asset besar ini yang seharusnya di manfaatkan oleh semua stokeholder di berikan tempat berkarya sehingga akan memperkuat BUMN, Swasta maupun membuka usaha sendiri dalam memperkuat pondasi peternakan sapi di Indonesia, karena Secanggih-canggihnya sebuah teknologi, Ifrastruktur maupun melimpahnya Sumber Daya alam yang digunakan bangsa ini , namun tanpa di barengi dengan pendayagunaan sumber daya manusianya yang berkualitas maka hal tersebut tidak ada artinya.
VIDEO FLASHBACK NTCA-PAstoral Student Program

http://www.berdikari-persero.com/persero/index.php/id-ID/
Memperkuat Kominkasi stakeholder peternakan Indonesia
Kelangkaan daging sapi yang terjadi Agustus lalu juga merupakan salah satu bentuk kurang komikasi antara pemerintah dan stakeholder peternakan lainnya. Data survey tidak mengintprestasikan data di di kenyataan lapang salah satu kasus pada tahun 2012 bisa di jadikan pelajaran di kutip dari Rochadi tawah dalam (Kompas 2015) Hasil BPS(Badan Pusat Statistik) popilasi ternak sapi berjumlah 14,8 juta ekor. Adapun menurut “cetak biru” swasembada daging sapi, bahwa apabila populasi sapi telah mencapai 14,2 juta maka daging sapi tercapai. Dari data tersebut pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan pengurangan daging sapi namun dampaknya malah daging sapi melambung tinggi dari Rp. 70.000 an menjadi Rp. 90.000-Rp. 100.000,an.
Setiap stakeholder peternakan memiliki tujuan dan kepentingan yang berbeda namun tidak menutup kemungkinan setiap kepentingan tersebut dapat di akomodir bersama dengan saling mendukung dan membantu.
“Seorang Pemenang selalu berpikir tentang kerjasama sementara seorang pecundang akan selalu berpikir bagaimana tuk menjadi yang berkuasa”
Agu 10 2015

Manajemen waktu untuk Mahasiswa Fapet UB

Dunia perkulahan sekarang sangat berbeda karena mahasiswa di berikan beban kuliah yang banyak yang menyebabkan mahasiswa tidak mempunyai waktu luang untuk bersosial atau mengembangkan diri. Menjadi sarjana unggul dibutuhkan stratergi khusus dalam memanajemen waktu sehingga nantinya kita dapat menyeimbangkan kwajiban kita sebagai mahasiswa dan memenuhi hasrat kita sebagai manusia yaitu bersosial.
Management of time for student college is the succes key to get a lot of achievment in college life especially in Animal Husbandry Faculty, Brawijaya University. In this part, I want to tell you how to manage our time between studying, organazation, and competation. As we know, My faculty has “semester system” to manage student finish their study ontime which is 4 years for Bachelor Degree. Semester sytem has 8 semester that has 24 sks/semester. To get 24 maximum SKS, you must have GPA more than 3.00/4.00.
Okey I will start giving you tips and tricks to manage your time.
Firstly, you must know what your passion or what you want to do in your university.
Because different passion have different way. For exemple I have passion in science as scientist one of importent thing to support my passion is to further my study. According to Anis Baswedan, ministry of Education, said before you swimming in the sea, you must train in the swimming pool that is analogy to explain the college life that is our opotunity to encourage ourself before we directly feel living in the middle people in our comunity. he sugest us not only spent our time just to study but also encourage ourself with softskill that help us prepare to against challange in the real life.
Secondly, you must write down your target achievment on the paper and put on your room wall. After you make decision, put several your target in each semester. For exemple, I devide my target in several parts such as an exemple of the following:
Semester 1 :
~Observe Organization
~make a decision
~observe your passion
Semester 2 :
~Focus on study , Because in this semester you will against a lot of assigment and practice lecturer
~deepen your organisation
Semester 3 :
~ Still Focus on Study
~ still deepen your organisation
Semester 4 :
~ get your achievment
~Go Abroad
Semester 5 :
~Get Your Achievment
~Become head of organisation
Semester 6 :
~Try to become enterpreneurship
Semester 7
~Try part time Job
Semester 8
~ Improve your English ability
That is just summary of my target, but you can make your stratergy suitable with your decision. Making a list target help you to remember what your decision after you graduate from college.
Finally, you must find your partner because your friend can preserve your dream. I have a team that called as STALLION. We work together and every people has specific posision and assigment depend on our capability.
Tulisan di atas hanya sedikit ilmu yang dapat saya sharekan. Sungguh disayangkan jika 4 tahun keliah kita hanya mendapatkan 20 % dari potensi yang dapat kita dapatkan.
Life is your choice, masa depanmu tercemin dari apa yang kamu lakukan sekarang.
See you on Top
Agu 6 2015

Child Education by Tarbiatul Aulad

image
Based on Tarbiyatul Aulad fil Islam (Children’s Education in Islam) by Dr. Abdullah Nashih Ulwan (1928-1987) (in Ridha, 2015) prenatal education is not only done during the pregnancy period, but also at the time when someone has choosen with whom he/she will get married. That’s why we have to choose the appropriate one for the rest of our lives.
Jul 26 2015

Plan for Future Dairy Farm job in Australia by Suryo Firmanto

For graduate, because of they don’t have experience and sponsor, so Work and Holiday visa is suitable
for them.
Meanwhile they work and holiday in OZ, they have to find connection to get/arrange work permit for
next year.
Keep focus and working in dairy farm or cattle station. Graduate may achieve work as a farm hand or
traineeships .
Some people have problems to arrange the visa, because of plenteous regulations or immigration
policies or misunderstand applicants about visa . Thus they may use registered migration agent (RMA)
especially for work visa (subclass 457). Be noticed, it’s not free to use RMA, around 2000-3000 $AU for
fee of RMA (work visa)
jjj
To check registered migration agent:
https://www.mara.gov.au/
Australia Immigration (please check this website regularly, it is an official Australia immigration website)
http://www.immi.gov.au/Pages/Welcome.aspx
To obtain job in aboard (Australia (Oz) or New Zealand (NZ)) needs a visa (work visa)
requirements of work visa are: The Temporary Work (Skilled) visa (subclass 457) (Oz)
1. you have been sponsored by an approved business
2. you have the required skills to fill a position nominated by an approved business.
requirements of Work and Holiday visa (subclass 462)(Oz)
1. are at least 18 but not yet 31 years of age
2. don’t have a dependent child with you at any time during your stay in Australia
3. have a passport
4. have sufficient funds (generally AUD5,000);
5. have funds for a return or onward ticket to depart Australia (or an actual ticket);
6. have health insurance
7. provide a letter of approval from your government agreeing to your stay in Australia under the
Work and Holiday visa arrangement (the letter of support does not guarantee a place in the
Work and Holiday programme); and
8. provide proof of English proficiency
9. etc
http://www.hipwee.com/travel/work-and-holiday-visa-siasat-untuk-bisa-traveling-dengan-uang-sendiridiaustralia/?
utm_content=buffer59a7b&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=
buffer
there are many dairy farm job at Victoria, NSW, tasmania, (south Australia) etc
==============================================
Rural Enterprises specializes in rural recruitment
http://www.ruralenterprises.com.au
AG Workforce is a privately owned recruitment agency based in Toowoomba
http://www.agworkforce.com.au
Western Australia most experienced Rural Employment Agency”
http://www.ranzaruralemployment.com.au/
CFM Dairy Recruitment
http://www.cfmdairyrecruitment.com/
http://www.cfmdairyrecruitment.com/traineeships.html
Job website Farm
http://www.gumtree.com.au
http://www.jobaroo.com/Outback~+Harvest~+Labour.Farm.Jobs
http://www.backpackerjobboard.com.au/jobs/farm-work/
http://www.outbackpackers.com/
http://www.visitoz.org/
http://farmworker.com.au/
http://www.farmwork23.com/
http://www.agrilabour.com.au/
http://www.primarypositions.com.au/
dairy farm job Website (not agency)
http://www.findamilker.com.au
Working on an Outback Station whilst you travel Australia for Backpackers
http://www.workstay.com.au
NZ agency
http://greenstone-recruitment.co.nz/
http://www.fegan.co.nz/
========================================
To check registered migration agent:
https://www.mara.gov.au/
Australian Registered Migration Agent
http://www.koalaoz.com.au/ = have link with dairy farm job
http://truebluemigration.com/ = have link with dairy farm job
http://bmsglobal.com.au/
http://goldcoastmigration.com.au/
http://www.brettruehland.com/?p=572#more-572
=========================================
Useful Australia dairy websites
http://www.lesliemanor.com/index.html = dairy farm company
http://www.dairyinfo.biz
http://www.dairyaustralia.com.au
http://www.intodairy.com.au/
http://www.dairytas.com.au/
=========================================
Apa itu Work and Holiday Visa
http://www.hipwee.com/travel/work-and-holiday-visa-siasat-untuk-bisa-traveling-dengan-uang-sendiridiaustralia/?
utm_content=buffer59a7b&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=
buffer
Good news for foreign dairy worker (australia Dairy job)
http://migrationalliance.com.au/immigration-daily-news/entry/2014-04-foreign-dairy-workers-urgentlyneeded.
html
UDV guide to help migrants call Australia home
http://www.getfarming.com.au/pages/farming/articles_view.php?fId=9200020080404100837
Skilled Nominated visa (subclass 190) or Skilled Regional (Provisional) visa (subclass 489) WA
http://www.migration.wa.gov.au/services/skilled-migration-wa/occupations-in-demand

Jul 25 2015

English Writing Assigment : Writing Journal

ABSTRACT
THE EFFECT OF  ADDITIONAL LEAVES OF TREES TOWARD VFA CONCENTRATION AND IN-VITRO DIGESTIBILTY OF CASSAVA BASED FEED
Muchlas, M, Kusmartono, and Marjuki
Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry,
University of Brawijaya Malang Indonesia
This paper is a report of a study on the nutritive quality of adding different sources protein on cassava-based feed. The purpose of this research was to find the effect of tree leaves added into ration based a cassava biomass on VFA concentration and in-vitro digestibility. This research used a randomized block design (RBD) with 4 treatments and 3 groups as replicates. Feed treatment was composed by 20 % cassava meal + 30 % cassava peel silage meal + 50 % leaf meal. P1 was Manihot uttilissima leaf meal, P2 was Gliricidia sepium leaf meal, P3 was Moringa oleifera leaf meal and P4 was Tectona grandis leaf meal. In vitro incubation time was 48 hours in the syringe.The result showed that treatments significantly  (P<0.01) cumulative gas production and the highest value was recorded for T3. There was significantly difference on NH3 concentration (P>0.05), but VFA concentration was significantly affected by treatments (P<0.01). The conclusion of this research is the addition of Manihot uttilissima leaf meal and Moringa oleifera leaf meal is the best addition in cassava-based feed of that reviewed by in-vitro.
Keywords : Cassava, In-Vitro, gas production
  1. Background
Feed is one of the important things because it is the biggest cost of livestock production in livestock Industry. Furthermore, feed availability and sustainability supply are impact on the success livestock industry and the utilizing of alternative feed is the way to decrease feed cost and create alternative feed supply chain such as the utilizing of indigenous plant.
Cassava ( Manihot utilissima) is one of the major crops grown in East Java and the tubers have been used for different kinds food for human consumption in rural areas. Over the least decades, the cassava product has been commonly used as feed resources for ruminant namely, cassava chips pellets and cassava leaves. It is therefore a cash crop cultivated by small-holder farmers within the existing farming systems all over Indonesia. Cassava tuber contains high levels of energy and minimum level of crude protein and has been used well as readily fermentable energy in ruminant rations (Baah et all.,2011). Similarly, cassava peel also contains high level of crude fiber, but low level of crude protein (6%). However, Cassava leaves contain high of crude protein (25%), some of which can apparently by-pass the rumen since it is in the form of a tannin-protein complex (Wanapat, 1995).
The additional of leaves of trees can be solution to complete nutritive quality of cassava based feed. Because, protein sources from Leaves trees have many benefit such as high production, cheaper, easy to find and cultivated. Several leaves of trees have high potential become protein sources that are Gliricidia sepium, Moringa oleifera and Tectona grandis. Based on that, this study is to know the effect of the nutritive quality of adding different sources protein on cassava-based feed towards on VFA concentration and in-vitro digestibility.
2. Literature Review
Cassava plant is one of the indigeneous  plant which is easy to cultivate on various elevated place in Indonesia(Fasae et al.,2006). Cassava tuber contains high level of energy and minimum level of crude protein and has been used well as readily fermentable energy in ruminant rations (Baah et al.,2011). The nutritive contain of cassava tuber is energy 3000 kcl/kg, crude protein 3.3%, crude fat 5.3 %, phosphor 0.17 % and calcium 0.57% (Ni’mah, 2011). In addition, according to Pulungan and Bhakti (1984) that cassava tuber is good to became source of energy especially to add by urea.
            Similarly, cassava peel also classified to source of carbohydrate in feed (Mariyono et al.,2008) and it is degradable stuff  in rumen(Antari et all., 2009). Cassava peel contains high level of crude fibre, but low level of crude protein (6%). However, cassava leaves contain high level of crude protein (25%), some of which can apparently by-pass the rumen since it is in the form of a tannin-protein complex (Wanapat,1995). Cassava leaves contain a tannin 3.9 % in hay (Wanapat, 2003).
Gliricidia sepium rich of crude protein (23 %) and calcium (1.2 %), in addition,  Gliricidia sepium contains of crude fiber (45 %) affected to become suitable source of forage to ruminant livestock(Witariadi et al, 2009). Moringa oleifera has high biomass production that is 4.2 – 8.3 ton dry stuff/ha at cutting interval 40 days and that contains crude protein about 19.3 – 26.4 %(Makkar dan Becker, 1996). Moringa oleifera rich of protein, carotene, zinc, ascorbat acid and lysine amino acid (Foidl et al., 2001).
3. Materials and Methods
Materials used were cassava plant products (tuber, skin, leaf and tuber), leaves of  Gliricidia sepium, and Moringa oleifera. Rumen liquid was aspirated from cannulated crossbred Frisien Holstein steer feed on elephant grass (4.5 kg DM) and concentrate (2.5 kg DM).
The gas production experiment was conducted following the procedure of Makkar  et al (1997).  In-Vitro measurement method used as to predict digestibility of ruminant animal by laboratory scale (Tilley and Tery, 1963). That method has a lot of advantages such as cheap, easy to control, simple, using a few sample and high correlation by in-vivo method (Ensminger et al., 1978). In the least decades, the In-vitro method is permeating to use by nutritionist to predict feed digestibility (Menke et al., 1979) and studying kinetic process of microbial fermentation in digestive tract of ruminant (Lopez et al., 2000).
The data were subjected to statistical analysis using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) according to time when the rumen liquids were aspirated following the    procedure of SAS (2000).
  1. Results and discussion
Chemical composition of feeds
Data of chemical composition of feeds are presented in Table 1.
    Table 1.  Chemical composition of the feeds used during the experiment (Means and SEM)  
Component DM, % fresh basis OM, % DM CP, % DM EE, % DM CF, % DM NFE, % DM
Cassava parts: Leaf   21.33 ± 0.03   89.94 ± 0.05   20.06 ± 0.02   5.26 ± 0.03   16.56± 0.03   51.06 ± 0.07
Tuber 27.89 ± 0.13 91.55 ± 0.06    2.19 ± 0.01 0.54 ± 0.01    2.84 ± 0.03 84.37 ± 0.04
Peel 28.01 ± 0.04 91.53 ± 0.03   3.47 ± 0.04   1.33 ± 0.04 15.50 ± 0.05 69.64 ± 0.08
Gliricidia 28.09 ± 0.03 87.06 ± 0.06 21.03 ± 0.03 4.12 ± 0.04 15.05 ± 0.02 46.86 ± 0.06
Moringa 25.50 ± 0.03 86.80 ± 0.04 22.2 ± 0.05 2.10 ± 0.06 12.03 ± 0.03 50.47 ± 0.05










Data in Table 1 showed that DM content of ranged from 21.33% to 28.01% for the cassava parts, whilst DM content of leaves ranged from 21.33% to 28.09%. Crude protein content among the leaves were similar and have a high potential as protein sources.
Cumulative Value of Gas Production In-Vitro in Cassava Based Feed
Data in Table 2 showed that rate of gas production at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours incubation each treatment
Tabel 2. Production Gas at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours incubation.
produksi gas
produksi gas
Based on measurement result showed that the cumulative value of gas production in each treatment at 12 hours incubation were significantly different ((P<0,05), the highest in P3. At 24 and 48 hours the cumulative value of gas production showed different effect (P<0,01).
Dry Matter and Organic Matter Digestibility
The effect of different combination of cassava plant component in ration on dry matter and organic matter digestibility in vitro values were shown in Table 4
Tabel 4. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility in vitro values in each treatments
Treatment DMD (%) OMD (%)
P1 57,31b+0,66 55,91b+2,77
P2 51,07a+0,34 50,74a+1,28
P3 56,96b+ 1,24 55,34b+3,09
P4 52,21a+2,80 49,93a+2,63
Superscripts in the same column with different notation were significantly different (P<0.05)
The result showed that DMD and OMD in P1 were the highest result (57,31 % dan 55,91 %) but not significantly different(P>0,05) with P3 (56,96 % dan 55,34 %).
Previous studies by Wanapat et al., (1997) in Khang et al., (2000) reported cassava leaf had the highest digestibility because high protein content. Furthermore, P4 has the lowest result influenced by low protein content and high fiber content on teak leaf. According to McDonald et al., (2002) feed digestibility influence by feed chemical composition and fraction of fibrous feed.
VFA, CH4 dan CO2 Concentrations
According to Suherman et al., (2013) that VFA content in rumen liquid can use as a benchmark of efficiency of feed fermentation process in rumen.
Tabel 5. Total VFA, CH4 dan CO2 concentrations
  Treatments Concentrations VFA (mmol/l)   Ratio
C2/C3		    
Asam Asetat
(C2)		 Asam Propionat (C3) Asam Butirat (C4) CO2 (mol) CH4 (mol)
P1 19,39+0,83ab 6,40+0,30a 9,57+1,76a 3,037+0,72 72,43+0,04 36,42+0,003
P2 18,33+0,80a 7,35+0,30a 10,81+1,76a 2,498+0,20 74,48+0,04 34,87+0,008
P3 22,93+0,27b 8,04+0,34b 13,55+2,40b 2,855+0,09 75,77+0,04 36,44+0,007
P4 17,74+0,74a 6,08+0,84a 10,36+1,33a 2,949+0,31 75,80+0,01 36,71+0,008
a-b Means in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different (P<0,05) In Propionate acid, Butyrate Acid and C2/C3 dan (P<0,01) and acetate Acid
As shown in Table 5 that  Propionate acid, Butyrate Acid concentrations were significantly affected (P<0.05) and C2/C3 were affected (P<0.01)  by diet treatment in which the addition of moringa leaves meal on cassava based diet (P3) resulted in the highest result but not significantly different with P1 which is the addition of cassava leaves.
A higher Propionate acid, Butyrate Acid and C2/C3 concentrations values in T1 and T3 compared to T2 and T4 also indicated that addition of Cassava and Moringa leaves are able to form a better synchrony of VFA concentrations and energy supply compared to adding gliricidia and teak leave meal into cassava based diet.
  1. Conclusion, Suggestion And Acknowledgement
Conclusion
Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the best of addtion leaves meal in cassava based feed are cassava leave meal and moringa leave meal. Addtion of cassava leave meal 50% in cassava based feed have low potential rate of gas prodution (b = 148,682 ml and c = 0,061 ml/hours) and it has dry matter and organic matter digestibility (DMD = 57,31 % dan OMD = 55,91 %). Addition of moringa leaves meal 50% in cassava based feed have have low potential rate of gas prodution (b = 164,078 ml and c = 0,061 ml/hours) and it has dry matter and organic matter digestibility (DMD = 56,96 % dan OMD = 55,34 %).
Suggestion
In the further research Need to do feeding trial experiment or research by using
In-vivo  method, that is to known the level of consumption and livestock palatability on cassava based feed with additional leaves of trees.
Acknowledgements
The author wishes to express his gratitude to BOPTN UB, supported by DIKTI for financing this study; to Prof.Ir.Kusmartono, Phd and Dr.Ir Marjuki MS for advice.
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Wanapat, M. 2003.Manipulation of cassava Cultivation and Utilization to improve protein to energy biomass for livestock feeding in the tropics. Asian-Aust.J. Animal.Sci 16(3):463-472.
Witariadi, N.M., Budiasa, I.K.M., Puspani, E dan Cakra. I.G.L.O.2009. Pengaruh tepung daun gamal dan daun Kelor dalam urea cassava blok (UCB) Terhadap kecernaan, kadar VFA, Dan NH3 In-Vitro. Penelitian Universitas Udayana melalui DIPA Universitas Udayana.